How does NIH OLAW's 'Assurance' enforcement process work?

• A. OLAW reviews the Assurance, conducts routine oversight, and conducts inspections or audits in response to concerns or funding.
• B. OLAW directly funds projects and assigns IACUCs.
• C. OLAW approves export permits.
• D. OLAW only handles disease reporting.

Answer: (A)

OLAW’s enforcement centers on oversight of an institution’s animal care program under the PHS Policy. Institutions that receive PHS funds must have an approved Assurance with OLAW, pledging to meet humane care and use standards. OLAW first reviews the Assurance to ensure the program described will comply with policy, and then provides ongoing routine oversight of the institution’s compliance through activities like monitoring progress, IACUC function, and program operations. When concerns arise or funding actions trigger review, OLAW conducts inspections or audits to verify compliance and determine what corrective actions are needed. Depending on findings, actions can range from needed improvements to more serious steps, including adjustment or loss of the Assurance. OLAW does not directly fund projects, assign IACUCs, approve export permits, or handle routine disease reporting.