Which body conducts investigations into potential noncompliance within an institution and can require corrective actions?

• A. Institutional Official
• B. OLAW
• C. USDA
• D. IACUC

Answer: (D)

The key idea is that an internal body within an institution handles inquiries about potential noncompliance and can mandate changes to address issues. The IACUC oversees all animal care and use, reviews any reports of problems, conducts inquiries into possible violations, and can require corrective actions such as retraining, procedural changes, suspending or terminating a protocol, or other measures to bring practices into compliance. It also communicates findings and required actions to the Institutional Official and ensures follow‑through. The other options operate in broader or external contexts: the Institutional Official is responsible for overall compliance but does not perform the internal investigations; OLAW focuses on compliance with PHS policy at the federal level and does not conduct internal investigations; USDA enforces the Animal Welfare Act through external inspections and enforcement actions.